INTRODUCTION
‘They have forsaken the Lord;
They have spurned the Holy One of Israel
and turned their backs on him.’
(Isaiah 1:4b)
This verse from the first chapter sums up the problem that the book of Isaiah is all about. The people of both the Northern Kingdom (Israel) and the Southern Kingdom (Judah) have rejected the Lord and chosen to follow other gods and to not put their trust in him. The question for Isaiah becomes, how can the Holy One of Israel dwell with a rebellious people?
As we read prophesy we should also be asking ourselves the question how does the Lord fulfill his promises in the short term, in the New Testament? And how will he fulfill them in the future?
These notes and prayer suggestions are designed to help you to read through the Bible in your own time. The studies are designed to take about 15mins to complete depending on the passage. It is best to read the passage first and then read the notes and questions. There are 43 readings in this series, depending on how many you do each week it should take you about 2 months to complete.
Context
As we read any book of the Bible it is important that we understand the context in which the book was written. This is particularly important as we read prophesy in the OT. This helps us to understand both what is being said in the book and to whom.
Isaiah was written during the reigns of the kings Uzziah (Azariah), Jotham, Ahaz and Hezekiah, you can read about these kings in 2 Kings 15-20 and also 2 Chronicles 26-32. The book of Isaiah covers a period of about 40 years from late in Uzziah’s reign to late in Hezekiah’s reign (about 740-700BC).
During this time, Judah had been prosperous under King Uzziah and had for some time enjoyed some level of peace in the region. But Assyria to the north began to reassert its control over the region. The Northern Kingdom (Israel) and the Southern Kingdom (Judah) tried to shake off the control of the Assyrians along with other surrounding nations with the support of Egypt. Because of this, the Assyrians destroyed Israel and carried them off into exile scattering them among the other nations. This also led to the crisis during the reign of Hezekiah, when Sennacherib invaded Judah and laid siege to Jerusalem. It was into this difficult situation in which Judah found itself, and Isaiah spoke his words of prophesy.
Map of Assyria during the time of Sennacherib